Cisco CCNA

About Cisco CCNA ICND2 - 640-816 (Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 2) exam is required for obtaining Cisco CCNA certification by using two-exam track. The other exam required to be passed is CCENT. After successfully completing the two exams, the candidates will be awarded Cisco CCNA certification by Cisco Systems (R). Cisco CCNA is a foundation level certification offered by Cisco(R). The exam objectives include TCP/IP fundamentals, OSI model, networking fundamentals like Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI;Cisco IOS fundamentals, and simple router and switch configurations. Cisco CCNA is a leading certification in the area of vendor specific certifications in computer networking technologies.

Practice tests for Cisco CCNA ICND2 640-816 (Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 2) conforms to the latest objectives of the exam. The package contains 225+ questions and most questions carry detailed explanations. The question types presented in the exam simulator include multiple choice, true/false, exhibit based questions. Also, the test engine enables you to review the wrong answers at the end of the exam. Category wise scoring enables the candidate to know the weak areas for further  study. Cisco CCNA ICND2 exam also includes simulation questions. As a result, the Cisco CCNA ICND2 practice tests offered by simulationexams.com also incorporate similar simulation exercises to prepare the students to face the certification exam more confidently.

When  you are reading this meansures ,if  you are planning to pass your Cisco CCNA or other Cisco exam and if you know that means you may fall victim to one of the 10 fatal exam mistakes. Enough about me anyway. I have taken a lot of IT exams since I left the police including  the MCSE, Cisco CCNA and the CCNP . IT exams are usually taken at an approved testing centre who all have to follow set rules and procedures to ensure each candidate has a similar experience. The problem is that there are factors both outside and inside the centre which can make passing the exam far more difficult for you than it needs to be.

Now I  show the ten meansures  to  how to avoid ten exam mistakes for your Cisco CCNA exam or any other IT exam for  Cisco.

Mistake NO.1 - You Do  Not Reading Your Exam Confirmation
Would you believe that my friend turned up to take a Cisco CCNA exam a few years ago and when he sat in front of the computer he realized to his horror that he was taking the wrong exam! He was a clever guy as well. It was just that when he booked the exam he mistook a number and booked himself onto a specialist Cisco CCNA exam instead of the CCNP module he wanted. Please also ensure you take your exam confirmation with you to the testing centre. I have turned up to take an exam in the past and was told that I was not expected that day or any other day in fact. If I hadn’t taken my confirmation with me then I would have had to drive all the way home as well. It is so easy to book the wrong exam so please double check before you book. Please print out your exam confirmation and double check the Cisco ccna exam code, the date, time and venue.

Mistake  NO.2 - Not Doing a Dry Run
It was at the same testing centre I have used over the past six years. The only problem was that when I arrived to take my test I parked outside the office block and went for a nice coffee safe in the knowledge that I had allowed myself a good 30 minutes before my allocated test time.
The problem was that when I went to the front door I read to my horror a sign saying that they had moved. I felt a surge of adrenaline rush through the pit of my stomach. Luckily, they had only moved to the other side of the same building. Even though, that experience was very unnerving and I was still a bit jittery when I walked into the centre.

Mistake NO.3 - Caffeine
There is a price to pay and that is having to visit the toilet every 30 minutes, butI am in Starbucks almost every day..Most Cisco CCNA exams are 90 minutes long as from my experience, they take almost exactly 90 minutes to complete. If you have to visit the toilet twice then you have lost about 5 precious minutes in your exam which you can’t afford to do.
I would avoid having any caffeinated drinks before your exam.
Mistake NO.4 - Not Reading the Questions
I know you are not daft and can read perfectly well. I have done this myself though, I read the question on the exam but due to nerves and pressure of time I see the question I want to be there. Our eyes are basically scanning tools and the brain performs some sort of auto-complete as we read any text.

Mistake NO.5 - Cram or Not to Cram
I can’t tell you which is the right thing for you to do but my personal experience is that you should not take cram notes with you for a last minute read. Sitting in your car outside the testing centre trying to read notes with your hands shaking will not help your nerves. You would be better served listening to some relaxing music.The auto-complete feature is not very useful when it comes to exams. Please read the question twice before looking at the answers.

Mistake NO.6 - Trying to Beat the Clock
That pesky clock sits in the corner of your computer screen silently taunting you as you sit there reading the questions. It might as well be a movie of sand falling through an egg timer.
The clock is a useful tool of course but don’t let it pressure you to going faster than you can. The next few questions could be very simple ones such as port numbers rather than multi-step router configurations or 5 part troubleshooting scenarios. Use the clock to keep yourself on track but don’t let it make you rush your answers.

Mistake NO.7 - Panicking
Exam nerves are very common and a little stress is good. What I find when I speak to many Cisco CCNA exam candidates is that they are experiencing symptoms such as shaking hands, excessive visits to toilets, blurred vision, memory loss and even tears!
I know how you feel because as a former police officer I have experienced terrible stress and nerves. Try having a gun pointed in your face! If you feel that exam nerves are going to affect your performance then please get help early. I recommend relaxation downloads. Find a reputable hypnosis downloads website and download some inductions for a few dollars. Money well spent. Please also see mistake 10.

Mistake NO.8 - Not Booking the Exam!
Your brain is a goal seeking organism and if you have no firm goal set then you will yourself getting distracted or side tracked with the usual things life throws at you. For this reason I strongly recommend booking your exam date, even if you are just starting out with your studies.Do you know how many people I know who tell me that they are going to book their exam ‘When I Feel Ready.’ If I could comment on this situation. You will never feel ‘ready’ so you might as well book the exam now. Book it for a few weeks time and put the date into your diary. You can always move it back if you get to a few days away and are not adequately prepared.

Mistake NO.9 - Making a Fuss
When I took a Cisco CCNA exam recently the simulation software did not load correctly. I had to configure a router but the router prompt was below the window on the screen so I couldn’t see what I was typing! Talk about difficult. I had to type commands and then press enter several times to see what I had typed finally appear in the window.

Mistake NO.10 - Taking it Too Seriously
In know it is important to you but in the grand scheme of things it is only an exam! The most important things are you health, your family and God. Failing an exam will not be the end of the world.

Conclusion
Over the past few years I have failed exams, driving tests, job interviews and several other things which seemed important at the time. I even failed the CCIE lab once and that cost me $1500 plus air fare. Ouch! I just retook anything I failed or worked out other things I wanted to do instead.
If you do fail an exam then well done, at least you had a crack at it. Write down an action plan to tackle your weak areas and book it again. Everyone in the world fails at something important and you are no exception.

At Last,keep a cool head and plan your exam in advance to give yourself the best chances of success. Treat the Cisco CCNA exam as a project and be serious about passing and at the same time, if you are not successful then give yourself a break, you are only human and anything worth passing is going to be hard by its very nature.

Cisco CCNA Practice Exam Questions And Answers

Here are some free Cisco CCNA exam questions to get you thinking. We are going to ensure you are clear on router memory types. It is very easy to get tripped up on these types of questions in the Cisco CCNA exam due to pressure of time.

Let’s test your knowledge of Etherchannels, Voice protocols, and other important Cisco CCNA certification exam topics with these practice exam questions!
Cisco CCNA Certification:

1.You’ve just successfully bundled three separate physical trunks into an Etherchannel. What is the net effect on the overall port cost of these links?
A. The Etherchannel will have a single port cost, and it will be lower than that of the separate links.
B. The Etherchannel will have a single port cost, and it will be higher than that of the separate links.
C. The Etherchannel will have a single port cost roughly equivalent to that of the separate links.
D. Etherchannels do not have port costs.
Answer: A. The Etherchannel will appear in various Cisco switch commands as “port-channel0″, and this virtual interface will appear with a lower port cost than the individual switch ports did previous to the bundling.

2.What is the numeric value assigned to the highest devices in an NTP hierarchy?
Answer: Zero, or “stratum zero” to be more precise.

3.Which of the following is true of H.323?
A. It’s Cisco-proprietary.
B. It’s considered a “mature” protocol.
C. It does not support many recent VoIP features.
D. Cisco IP Phones do not support this protocol.
Answers: B, D. H.323 is an industry-standard protocol, not Cisco-proprietary.

4. Where is the router running-configuration file stored?
A. ROM
B. DRAM
C. EEPROM
D. NVRAM
Answer: B. The running config is only needed while the router is live and so DRAM is used. If you want to save the current running config you save it using the ‘copy run start’ command which saves it to NVRAM.

5. Where is the router IOS file stored?
A. ROM
B. DRAM
C. EEPROM
D. NVRAM
Answer: C. The IOS is stored in EEPROM or Flash memory. It can be wiped or have more than one IOS image stored on it.

6. Where is the router startup configuration file stored?
A. ROM
B. DRAM
C. EEPROM
D. NVRAM
Answer: D. NVRAM. The IOS is stored in EEPROM or Flash memory. It can be wiped or have more than one IOS image stored on it.

7. Where is the router boot strap file stored?
A. ROM
B. DRAM
C. EEPROM
D. NVRAM
Answer: A. The boot strap (or rommon image) is stored in ROM. It cannot be wiped.
8. Which memory is used for to buffer packets and store routing tables?
A. ROM
B. DRAM
C. EEPROM
D. NVRAM
Answer: B. DRAM is used to temporarily store packets, the routing table is also stored here.

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Cisco CCNA Router Simulator several lab exercises: The labs are particularly useful for candidates preparing for Cisco Cisco CCNA Intro, ICND, and CCNA certifications. 40+ labs are available for thorough hands-on preparation. -Cisco router console simulation: Cisco router console (running Cisco router IOS) is available in a simulated environment. Currently 60+ Cisco IOS router commands are supported. It is expected to give good hands-on experience to those who do not have access to Cisco routers for learning purpose. -Comprehensive help file: The complete simulator is explained in an easy to use help file. The areas covered in the help file include 1. Supported commands, 2. How to navigate through the lab exercises and router console simulator, 3. Disclaimer -Flash cards: Flash cards are available while taking several lab exercises. These provide topic help, and useful in properly answering the labs. -Simulate up to 3 routers: Up to 3 routers can be simulated. After configuration, you can even ping the other routers for proper configuration verification. Limitations of Demo Simulator: The download contains a demo simulator, and a full version that requires purchasing a key for unlocking the software. The demo has limitations such as limited labs, and limited support for router commands.

The article instuct  how to use the   Cisco CCNA Exam 640-801  Router Simulator Sem Sim v2.2.1.

About Sem-Sim Cisco CCNA Test Router Simulator, This is a router simulator for CCNA test. It supports 200 commands, 30 interactive labs, Cisco CCNA tests like practical troubleshooting scenarios, 70 randomized flash cards and 3 router tests. It includes a test mode, learn mode and a detailed score. Based on new test formats: 640-802, 640-607, 640-811, 641-821.

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Cisco CCNA  Certification Network Associate Exam  640-802

Exam Description

The 640-802 Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) is the composite exam associated with the Cisco Certified Network Associate certification. Candidates can prepare for this exam by taking the Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 1 (ICND1) v1.0 and the Interconnecting Cisco Networking Devices Part 2 (ICND2) v1.0 courses. This exam tests a candidate’s knowledge and skills required to install, operate, and troubleshoot a small to medium size enterprise branch network. The topics include connecting to a WAN; implementing network security; network types; network media; routing and switching fundamentals; the TCP/IP and OSI models; IP addressing; WAN technologies; operating and configuring IOS devices; extending switched networks with VLANs; determining IP routes; managing IP traffic with access lists; establishing point-to-point connections; and establishing Frame Relay connections.
Exam Topics

Explain and select the appropriate administrative tasks required for a WLAN

* Describe standards associated with wireless media (including: IEEE WIFI Alliance, ITU/FCC)
* Identify and describe the purpose of the components in a small wireless network. (Including: SSID, BSS, ESS)
* Identify the basic parameters to configure on a wireless network to ensure that devices connect to the correct access point
* Compare and contrast wireless security features and capabilities of WPA security (including: open, WEP, WPA-1/2)
* Identify common issues with implementing wireless networks. (Including: Interface, missconfiguration)

Identify security threats to a network and describe general methods to mitigate those threats

* Describe today’s increasing network security threats and explain the need to implement a comprehensive security policy to mitigate the threats
* Explain general methods to mitigate common security threats to network devices, hosts, and applications
* Describe the functions of common security appliances and applications
* Describe security recommended practices including initial steps to secure network devices

Implement, verify, and troubleshoot NAT and ACLs in a medium-size Enterprise branch office network.
* Verify and monitor ACLs in a network environment
* Troubleshoot ACL issues
* Explain the basic operation of NAT
* Configure NAT for given network requirements using (including: CLI/SDM)
* Troubleshoot NAT issues
* Describe the purpose and types of ACLs
* Configure and apply ACLs based on network filtering requirements.(including: CLI/SDM)
* Configure and apply an ACLs to limit telnet and SSH access to the router using (including: SDM/CLI)

Implement and verify WAN links

* Describe different methods for connecting to a WAN
* Configure and verify a basic WAN serial connection
* Configure and verify Frame Relay on Cisco routers
* Troubleshoot WAN implementation issues
* Describe VPN technology (including: importance, benefits, role, impact, components)
* Configure and verify a PPP connection between Cisco routers

The following topics are general guidelines for the content likely to be included on the Cisco Certified Network Associate exam. However, other related topics may also appear on any specific delivery of the exam. In order to better reflect the contents of the exam and for clarity purposes, the guidelines below may change at any time without notice.
Describe how a network works

* Describe the purpose and functions of various network devices
* Select the components required to meet a network specification
* Use the OSI and TCP/IP models and their associated protocols to explain how data flows in a network
* Describe common networked applications including web applications
* Describe the purpose and basic operation of the protocols in the OSI and TCP models
* Describe the impact of applications (Voice Over IP and Video Over IP) on a network
* Interpret network diagrams
* Determine the path between two hosts across a network
* Describe the components required for network and Internet communications
* Identify and correct common network problems at layers 1, 2, 3 and 7 using a layered model approach
* Differentiate between LAN/WAN operation and features

Configure, verify and troubleshoot a switch with VLANs and interswitch communications

* Select the appropriate media, cables, ports, and connectors to connect switches to other network devices and hosts
* Explain the technology and media access control method for Ethernet networks
* Explain network segmentation and basic traffic management concepts
* Explain basic switching concepts and the operation of Cisco switches
* Perform and verify initial switch configuration tasks including remote access management
* Verify network status and switch operation using basic utilities (including: ping, traceroute, telnet, SSH, arp, ipconfig), SHOW & DEBUG commands
* Identify, prescribe, and resolve common switched network media issues, configuration issues, auto negotiation, and switch hardware failures
* Describe enhanced switching technologies (including: VTP, RSTP, VLAN, PVSTP, 802.1q)
* Describe how VLANs create logically separate networks and the need for routing between them
* Configure, verify, and troubleshoot VLANs
* Configure, verify, and troubleshoot trunking on Cisco switches
* Configure, verify, and troubleshoot interVLAN routing
* Configure, verify, and troubleshoot VTP
* Configure, verify, and troubleshoot RSTP operation
* Interpret the output of various show and debug commands to verify the operational status of a Cisco switched network.
* Implement basic switch security (including: port security, trunk access, management vlan other than vlan1, etc.)

Implement an IP addressing scheme and IP Services to meet network requirements in a medium-size Enterprise branch office network.

* Describe the operation and benefits of using private and public IP addressing
* Explain the operation and benefits of using DHCP and DNS
* Configure, verify and troubleshoot DHCP and DNS operation on a router.(including: CLI/SDM)
* Implement static and dynamic addressing services for hosts in a LAN environment
* Calculate and apply an addressing scheme including VLSM IP addressing design to a network
* Determine the appropriate classless addressing scheme using VLSM and summarization to satisfy addressing requirements in a LAN/WAN environment
* Describe the technological requirements for running IPv6 in conjunction with IPv4 (including: protocols, dual stack, tunneling, etc).
* Describe IPv6 addresses
* Identify and correct common problems associated with IP addressing and host configurations

Configure, verify, and troubleshoot basic router operation and routing on Cisco devices
* Manage IOS configuration files. (including: save, edit, upgrade, restore)
* Manage Cisco IOS.
* Compare and contrast methods of routing and routing protocols
* Configure, verify, and troubleshoot OSPF
* Configure, verify, and troubleshoot EIGRP
* Verify network connectivity (including: using ping, traceroute, and telnet or SSH)
* Troubleshoot routing issues
* Verify router hardware and software operation using SHOW & DEBUG commands.
* Implement basic router security * Describe basic routing concepts (including: packet forwarding, router lookup process)
* Describe the operation of Cisco routers (including: router bootup process, POST, router components)
* Select the appropriate media, cables, ports, and connectors to connect routers to other network devices and hosts
* Configure, verify, and troubleshoot RIPv2
* Access and utilize the router to set basic parameters.(including: CLI/SDM)
* Connect, configure, and verify operation status of a device interface
* Verify device configuration and network connectivity using ping, traceroute, telnet, SSH or other utilities
* Perform and verify routing configuration tasks for a static or default route given specific routing requirements

This is a part of Cisco CCNA questions and answer, If you need all Cisco CCNA   640  TestPassport， please  contact me。

1. Refer to the exhibit. What could be possible causes for the “Serial0/0 is down” interface status?
(Choose two.)
A. A Layer 1 problem exists.
B. The bandwidth is set too low.
C. A protocol mismatch exists.
D. An incorrect cable is being used.
E. There is an incorrect IP address on the Serial 0/0 interface.
Answer: AD
2. The network administrator has discovered that the power supply has failed on a switch in the company
LAN and that the switch has stopped functioning. It has been replaced with a Cisco Catalyst 2950 series
switch. What must be done to ensure that this new switch becomes the root bridge on the network?
A. Lower the bridge priority number.
B. Change the MAC address of the switch.
C. Increase the VTP revision number for the domain.
D. Lower the root path cost on the switch ports.
E. Assign the switch an IP address with the lowest value.
Answer: A
3. Refer to the exhibit. Assume that all of the router interfaces are operational and configured correctly.
How will router R2 be affected by the configuration of R1 that is shown in the exhibit?
A. Router R2 will not form a neighbor relationship with R1.
B. Router R2 will obtain a full routing table, including a default route, from R1.
C. R2 will obtain OSPF updates from R1, but will not obtain a default route from R1.
D. R2 will not have a route for the directly connected serial network, but all other directly connected
networks will be present, as well as the two Ethernet networks connected to R1.
Answer: A
4. Before installing a new, upgraded version of the IOS, what should be checked on the router, and which
command should be used to gather this information? (Choose two.)
A. the amount of available ROM
B. the amount of available flash and RAM memory
C. the version of the bootstrap software present on the router
D. show version
E. show processes
F. show running-confi
Answer: BD
5. Which three IP addresses can be assigned to hosts if the subnet mask is /27 and subnet zero is usable?
(Choose three.)
A. 10.15.32.17
B. 17.15.66.128
C. 66.55.128.1
D. 135.1.64.34
E. 129.33.192.192
F. 192.168.5.63
Answer: ACD
6. A network administrator is explaining VTP configuration to a new technician. What should the network
administrator tell the new technician about VTP configuration? (Choose three.)
A. A switch in the VTP client mode cannot update its local VLAN database.
B. A trunk link must be configured between the switches to forward VTP updates.
C. A switch in the VTP server mode can update a switch in the VTP transparent mode.
D. A switch in the VTP transparent mode will forward updates that it receives to other switches.
E. A switch in the VTP server mode only updates switches in the VTP client mode that have a higher VTP
revision number.
F. A switch in the VTP server mode will update switches in the VTP client mode regardless of the
configured VTP domain membership.
Answer: ABD

The Cisco CCNA  Answer Update

Preface

The article describe how to get the Cisco IDS/IPS Software Release 5 running inside VMWare software . After successful installtion, the VM will emulate a

IDS-4215platform with 3 GigabitEthernet interfaces Wink,so I developed this Howto by using VMWare Workstation for Linux, I test this in VMWare 6.0 version

for Windows.

Configuration environment

- VMWare Workstation, the version 6.0, running on a debian etch host system
I never tested with a Windows host system.

- Cisco IPS recovery CD image, Use IPS-K9-cd-1.1-a-5.1-4.iso This file can be downloaded from CCO.

- modified VMWare BIOS (CISCO_IDS4215_440.BIOS.ROM) This file should be in the archive from where you extracted this Howto

- some basic UNIX skills for working with a shell and using vi,

- knowledge of the english keyboard layout Wink

Techincal Desciption

Why I use Cisco Software VMare Software ,beacuse  that  I’m not skilled enough to produce anything useful with the BIOS that can be  downloaded from CCO Wink, so I investigated in how to get VMWare to provide
anything the IPS software wants to hear. I still would prefer to have the native BIOS running, but this is a start for all the desperate souls that need a

working IPS for study/LAB preparation.  It seems that with IDS/IPS software release 5, Cisco Simulator implemented a more strict  hardware identification checks, making it impossible to load the code on 4.x

custom-build systems or in VMWare.  I concentrated myself on the 4215 platform, because it seems that it does not have any special ROM/PROM chips built in.

Basically, IPSv5 is based on Redhat Linux, so it is able to run inside VMWare. The recovery CD boots and reimages fine, as long as the virtual harddisks are
large enough (256M for hda, 4GB for hdb).

hda is the flash in the appliance and holds the complete OS and the  configuration. hdb is a real harddisk and is for “var” storage (event store
etc.). The reimage fails when you have disks that are too small (fdisk will complain about wrong boundaries/size).

With a fresh system, you can boot into runlevel 1, mount the remaining filesystems and inspect what the system will do at regular startups.

The procedure collection file /etc/init.d/ids_functions will determine the platform type during bootup. Because the 4215 doesnt have a special chip, the
routine makes selections based on the CPU speed and processor count. You can trick the routine by entering the CPU speed reported by linux.

But this is not enough. At some point, a program called smbios_bios_info is called, reading information from the BIOS. Also, the binary mainApp will do this
again later, so we have to find a way how to tell the systems what it wants to hear. Luckily, on the 4215 only DMI strings are checked.

VMWare allows to extract the required portion of the BIOS, and with a resource editor you can modify the DMI strings to match the values the software checks.
By telling VMWare to load this modified BIOS, the IPS software is satisfied and identifies the VM as a 4215 sensor.

Change  all the DMI strings to read as Vendor “Cisco Systems”, Platform “IDS-4215″, Chassis/Asset Tag “12345678901″.

Now that the sensor boots and the CLI is useable, network connectivity must work. VMWare and the IPS linux both support Intel e1000 cards, so this looks

promisingThe physical interface configuration layout of all the appliances are defined in /usr/cids/idsRoot/etc/interface.conf. By replacing the pci device-id values with
the one provided by VMWare (see /proc/pci), the sensor recognized the VMWare virtual ethernet cards.

By modifying this file you are able to use interface types a platform normally will not support (Gigabit cards in the 4215).

With this VM I was able to use IDM from a windoze system, create own signatures  and put a sensing interface between two dynamips instances (aletring each
time it sees EIGRP packets). This should be proof enough!

Well, this are nearly all the information I collected during 8-12 hours of  experimenting in a few sentences. However, there are still some quirks and areas
I dont understand well, for example, the problems caused by the absence of the  file /usr/share/zoneinfo/cidsZoneInfo.

I hope you can get Cisoc CCNA Certification.